[KV-295] Oral Prep School 103 Andou Haruno

While empiricists insisted knowledge derives solely from experience and rationalists claimed pure reason could grasp reality directly, Kant revolutionized philosophy by demonstrating that human cognition actively synthesizes sensory input through innate mental structures—space, time, and categories like causality—which means we can achieve objective knowledge about phenomena (appearances) but never penetrate to noumena (things-in-themselves), simultaneously establishing that morality must transcend this phenomenal realm through reason’s autonomous capacity to formulate universal categorical imperatives that treat rational beings as ends-in-themselves rather than mere means.